BOSCH-Booklet 1 – Basic Principles of Technical Statistics: Continuous Char...

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BOSCH  BOOKLETs

Bosch 1 - Basic Statistics
Bosch 2 - Discret Statistics
Bosch 3 - MSA
Bosch 4 - Statistical Procedures
Bosch 5 - Statistical Tolerancing
Bosch 6 - Evaluating Field Data
Bosch 7 - SPC
Bosch 8 - Measurement Uncertainty
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1 Introduction

Mathematical statistics, or statistics for short, has its origin in censuses, which serve to determine the state (Latin. "status") of a country and describe macroeconomic characteristics. According to the Duden dictionary, it is the “science of numerically recording, studying and evaluating mass occurrences”.

This definition includes two essential aspects of statistics: recording, structuring and portraying statistical data are the goals of descriptive statistics, while evaluating (analysis, interpretation) the data is the task of inductive statistics. In the media we find many different examples for the respective use of both subfields.

Some examples for the use of descriptive statistics are illustrations of

• variations over time of foreign exchanges rates or stock indices (original value charts)
• seat allocations in parliaments (pie charts)
• portions of various auto brands as part of the total number of newly registered vehicles in Germany in one year (histograms)
  

or data on the per capita use of dairy products in the EU countries in one year (means).

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